{"id":270,"date":"2013-06-10T17:07:25","date_gmt":"2013-06-10T15:07:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sydologie.com\/?p=270"},"modified":"2020-02-24T15:01:12","modified_gmt":"2020-02-24T14:01:12","slug":"les-mooc-debarquent","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sydo.fr\/sydologie\/2013\/06\/les-mooc-debarquent\/","title":{"rendered":"Les MOOC d\u00e9barquent !"},"content":{"rendered":"

Contrairement \u00e0 ce que l\u2019on pourrait penser, les MOOC (prononcez Mouk) ne sont pas les derniers jouets \u00e0 la mode des cours de r\u00e9cr\u00e9ation. Les MOOC (Massive Online Open Courses) sont des cours en ligne, accessibles \u00e0 un tr\u00e8s grand nombre d\u2019\u00e9tudiants, sans contrainte de lieu. Ils permettent de repenser l\u2019enseignement, pour s\u2019adapter au contexte actuel de mobilit\u00e9 et d\u2019hyperconnectivit\u00e9. Sydo, en tant qu\u2019agence de conseil en p\u00e9dagogie, s\u2019int\u00e9resse de pr\u00e8s \u00e0 ces \u00e9volutions qui sont en passe de bouleverser l\u2019apprentissage \u00e0 distance. Tour d\u2019horizon.<\/p>\n

Une certaine id\u00e9e de l\u2019enseignement<\/strong><\/i><\/h3>\n

Les MOOC sont n\u00e9s au Etats Unis. D\u00e8s le d\u00e9but, ils s\u2019inscrivent dans le mouvement \u00ab\u00a0Open \u00e9ducation\u00a0\u00bb qui pr\u00f4ne un acc\u00e8s au savoir facilit\u00e9 et gratuit, pour d\u00e9mocratiser l\u2019enseignement.<\/p>\n

Au d\u00e9part, les modules \u00e9taient compos\u00e9s de cours magistraux film\u00e9s, d\u2019exercices et de documents th\u00e9oriques. Aujourd\u2019hui les cours sont suivis par l\u2019interm\u00e9diaire de plateformes d\u00e9di\u00e9es (par exemple\u00a0Coursera,<\/a>\u00a0Udacity<\/a>,\u00a0edX,<\/a>\u00a0etc.) qui utilisent de plus en plus les fonctionnalit\u00e9s du web 2.0 et permettent une plus grande interactivit\u00e9. Concr\u00e8tement, cela signifie que les apprenants peuvent rendre leurs devoirs directement en ligne, constituer des groupes de travail, se noter entre eux, poser des questions au professeur ou aux autres apprenants, etc.<\/p>\n

Des outils, comme les forums, offrent ainsi la possibilit\u00e9 de connecter les \u00e9tudiants entre eux et de recr\u00e9er les \u00e9changes qui existent lors d\u2019un cours pr\u00e9sentiel. D\u2019autres outils permettent par exemple de prendre des notes, tout en regardant une vid\u00e9o de cours, en associant des moments pr\u00e9cis de la vid\u00e9o \u00e0 certaines notes, sans changer de fen\u00eatre.<\/p>\n

Une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de sujets<\/strong><\/i><\/h3>\n

Les plateformes s\u2019associent avec des universit\u00e9s. Cela leur permet de proposer une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de sujets de cours\u00a0: sciences m\u00e9dicales, architecture, philosophie, histoire, langues, management, math\u00e9matiques, etc. La plupart des cours propos\u00e9s sont en anglais, mais des offres en espagnol, fran\u00e7ais, italien ou chinois commencent \u00e0 voir le jour.<\/p>\n

En France, le premier MOOC a \u00e9t\u00e9 lanc\u00e9 en octobre 2012 par Telecom Bretagne et l\u2019Ecole Centrale de Nantes sur la th\u00e9matique de l\u2019apprentissage en ligne\u00a0:\u00a0ITyPA\u00a0(Internet, Tout y est pour apprendre).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Avantages<\/b><\/h3>\n

– L\u2019absence de frais d\u2019inscription permet de lever les contraintes financi\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

– Les personnes exclues du syst\u00e8me \u00e9ducatif, en raison de l\u2019\u00e2ge ou d\u2019un parcours chaotique, peuvent reprendre leurs \u00e9tudes facilement.<\/p>\n

– Les MOOC permettent de mettre en place des formations tr\u00e8s rapidement, contrairement aux universit\u00e9s qui peuvent mettre des ann\u00e9es pour proposer une nouvelle fili\u00e8re. Ainsi, un cours sur un nouveau langage de programmation peut \u00eatre mise en place tr\u00e8s rapidement via un MOOC.<\/p>\n

– Pour les entreprises, les MOOC peuvent \u00eatre un outil de s\u00e9lection et de recrutement efficace. Elles peuvent nouer des partenariats avec des universit\u00e9s ou des \u00e9coles qui leurs transmettront les contacts des personnes ayant d\u00e9montr\u00e9 leurs comp\u00e9tences sur des disciplines pr\u00e9cises.<\/p>\n

Inconv\u00e9nients<\/b><\/h3>\n

– La question de la certification, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement payante, reste probl\u00e9matique. Les dipl\u00f4mes d\u00e9livr\u00e9s auront-ils la m\u00eame validit\u00e9 que les dipl\u00f4mes classiques\u00a0?<\/p>\n

– Le taux d\u2019abandon est \u00e9lev\u00e9 parmi les inscrits. La motivation est primordiale.<\/p>\n

– L\u2019interactivit\u00e9 n\u2019est pas effective sur toutes les plateformes.<\/p>\n

Le MOOC doit offrir une r\u00e9elle valeur ajout\u00e9e par rapport aux cours pr\u00e9sentiels. Il ne doit pas \u00eatre qu\u2019une version en ligne d\u2019un cours film\u00e9. Les outils additionnels, qui faciliteront l\u2019interactivit\u00e9 et la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019une nouvelle exp\u00e9rience sont indispensables.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Contrairement \u00e0 ce que l\u2019on pourrait penser, les MOOC (prononcez Mouk) ne sont pas les derniers jouets \u00e0 la mode des cours de r\u00e9cr\u00e9ation. Les MOOC (Massive Online Open Courses) sont des cours en ligne, accessibles \u00e0 un tr\u00e8s grand nombre d\u2019\u00e9tudiants, sans contrainte de lieu. Ils permettent de repenser l\u2019enseignement, pour s\u2019adapter au contexte… Voir l’article<\/a>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":271,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":[],"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[2],"tags":[764,787,882],"class_list":["post-270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-le-mag","tag-methodes","tag-mooc","tag-pedagogie"],"yoast_head":"\nLes MOOC d\u00e9barquent ! - Sydologie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sydo.fr\/sydologie\/2013\/06\/les-mooc-debarquent\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les MOOC d\u00e9barquent ! - Sydologie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Contrairement \u00e0 ce que l\u2019on pourrait penser, les MOOC (prononcez Mouk) ne sont pas les derniers jouets \u00e0 la mode des cours de r\u00e9cr\u00e9ation. 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