{"id":11263,"date":"2022-02-07T11:00:59","date_gmt":"2022-02-07T10:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sydologie.com\/?p=11263"},"modified":"2022-02-07T15:24:52","modified_gmt":"2022-02-07T14:24:52","slug":"pedagogo-38-mohand-said-lechani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sydo.fr\/sydologie\/2022\/02\/pedagogo-38-mohand-said-lechani\/","title":{"rendered":"PEDAGOGO #38 – MOHAND SAID LECHANI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Chaque lundi, nous vous proposons de voyager dans l\u2019Histoire de la p\u00e9dagogie, \u00e0 travers les portraits des plus grand.e.s p\u00e9dagogues et th\u00e9oricien.e.s<\/strong> qui ont influenc\u00e9 nos mod\u00e8les contemporains.
\n <\/p>\n

Mohand Said Lechani, c\u2019est qui ?!<\/h2>\n

 
\n\"\"
\nMohand Said Lechani est un instituteur, p\u00e9dagogue, syndicaliste, militant politique et social alg\u00e9rien<\/strong> ainsi qu\u2019un d\u00e9fenseur des droits de l\u2019homme et un fervent avocat de la culture berb\u00e8re. Il est n\u00e9 le 15 mai 1893 \u00e0 Ait-Halli dans la commune d\u2019Irdjen en Haute-Kabylie, en Alg\u00e9rie, et est d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 Alger le 25 mai 1985.
\n 
\nLechani fait face aux discriminations et \u00e0 la violence de la colonisation d\u00e8s son plus jeune \u00e2ge, inspirant ses futures luttes<\/strong> pour la libert\u00e9 et l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 de tous, notamment en mati\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9ducation. Ainsi, il se voit imposer sa scolarisation dans une des premi\u00e8res \u00e9coles coloniales ouvertes dans le cadre de \u201cla politique kabyle\u201d. Il passe par la suite le \u00ab Certificat d\u2019\u00e9tudes indig\u00e8ne \u00bb puis int\u00e8gre la \u201csection indig\u00e8ne\u201d de l’\u00e9cole normale de Bouzareah afin de devenir instituteur, \u00e9cole o\u00f9 la s\u00e9gr\u00e9gation entre les communaut\u00e9s europ\u00e9enne et locale est omnipr\u00e9sente. Bien qu\u2019Alg\u00e9rien, il obtient le droit de passer le Certificat d\u2019aptitude p\u00e9dagogique en 1915, sous r\u00e9serve d\u2019accepter de rester dans le corps des \u00ab Instituteurs aux indig\u00e8nes \u00bb et donc de n\u2019enseigner qu\u2019aux indig\u00e8nes. \u00c9mergent alors ses premiers combats : d\u00e9noncer le sous-statut accord\u00e9 aux instituteurs non-europ\u00e9ens et lutter contre l\u2019\u00e9cole \u00e0 deux vitesses. <\/strong>
\n 
\nRapidement, Lechani int\u00e8gre la Ligue de d\u00e9fense des droits de l\u2019homme et du citoyen et le Syndicat des instituteurs de France et des colonies, et adh\u00e8re aussi d\u00e8s 1912 \u00e0 la Section fran\u00e7ais de l\u2019internationale ouvri\u00e8re (SFIO). Il cofonde ensuite la Voix des humbles en 1922, une revue des enseignants indig\u00e8nes visant \u00e0 promouvoir l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 entre les instituteurs et \u00e0 lutter contre l\u2019analphab\u00e9tisme. Ainsi, pour lui, l’\u00e9mancipation et la libert\u00e9 passent n\u00e9cessairement par l\u2019\u00e9ducation<\/strong>.
\n 
\nIl poursuit son engagement politique jusqu\u2019au d\u00e9clenchement de la guerre en Alg\u00e9rie<\/strong> : participation au Congr\u00e8s Musulman d\u2019Alger, co-cr\u00e9ation du journal anticolonialiste \u201cAlg\u00e9rie r\u00e9publicain\u201d et \u00e9lection \u00e0 l\u2019assembl\u00e9e de l\u2019Union fran\u00e7aise. Son principal combat lors de ce mandat est la cr\u00e9ation de l\u2019\u00e9cole unique pour tous sans distinction d\u2019origine ou de religion, combat qu\u2019il gagne en 1949.
\n 
\nIl participe aussi activement \u00e0 la lutte pour l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance<\/strong>, de fa\u00e7on directe en r\u00e9pondant \u00e0 l\u2019appel du FLN et en participant \u00e0 la mission du Gouvernement provisoire de la R\u00e9publique alg\u00e9rienne charg\u00e9 des questions d\u2019information et d\u2019\u00e9ducation depuis Rabat, mais aussi de fa\u00e7on indirecte en formant, en tant qu\u2019instituteur assoiff\u00e9 de libert\u00e9, bon nombre des cadres des ind\u00e9pendantistes.
\n 
\nIl devient conseiller p\u00e9dagogique \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9laboration du programme d\u2019alphab\u00e9tisation et de formation des ma\u00eetres en 1962. Il refuse le poste de Ministre de l\u2019\u00e9ducation propos\u00e9 par Ben Bella afin de poursuivre son travail sur le terrain<\/strong>, notamment dans le cadre des Centres sociaux cr\u00e9\u00e9s par Germaine Tillion.
\n <\/p>\n

Et Mohand Said Lechani, que retenir de son travail ?<\/h2>\n

 
\nLechani est vue en Alg\u00e9rie comme l\u2019une des principales figures pionni\u00e8res du pays, notamment du fait de son engagement politique et social mais aussi du fait de son combat pour l\u2019acc\u00e8s de tous \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9ducation, et surtout, \u00e0 la m\u00eame \u00e9ducation<\/strong>.
\n 
\nSon engagement politico-social est indissociable de son \u0153uvre et de ses actions p\u00e9dagogiques. L\u2019objectif est le m\u00eame : l\u2019\u00e9mancipation de tous les Alg\u00e9riens par l\u2019\u00e9ducation des masses. <\/strong>
\n 
\nF\u00e9ru de p\u00e9dagogies nouvelles, il est fortement influenc\u00e9 d\u00e8s ses premi\u00e8res ann\u00e9es d\u2019\u00e9tude par les auteurs de l\u2019\u00e9ducation nouvelle<\/strong> que sont Decroly, Piaget (avec qui il entretient une correspondance), Montessori et Freinet, et applique ces m\u00e9thodes novatrices sur le terrain en les adaptant au contexte colonial.
\n 
\nPour lui, l\u2019\u00e9cole doit \u00eatre le lieu par excellence de lutte contre toute forme d\u2019oppression et de discrimination<\/strong> gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la transmission de savoirs, de valeurs universelles et progressistes (tout en veillant \u00e0 sauvegarder les particularit\u00e9s ethniques et r\u00e9gionales et notamment sa culture, la culture berb\u00e8re).
\n 
\nSon int\u00e9r\u00eat pour le courant de l\u2019\u00e9ducation nouvelle d\u00e9note sa volont\u00e9 de se d\u00e9faire de la vieille p\u00e9dagogie<\/strong> (et peut \u00eatre mis en parall\u00e8le de sa lutte contre le syst\u00e8me colonial et discriminatoire). Il entend d\u00e9poussi\u00e9rer l\u2019enseignement indig\u00e8ne imagin\u00e9 par Jules Ferry en 1883 pour faire entrer son pays et ses habitants dans la modernit\u00e9 afin qu\u2019ils acc\u00e8dent \u00e0 la libert\u00e9.
\n 
\nDans ce cadre, il cr\u00e9e une m\u00e9thode de lecture originale<\/strong> m\u00ealant la lecture, l’\u00e9criture et le langage oral et importe l\u2019imprimerie dans les classes alg\u00e9roises afin de faire \u00e9voluer l\u2019enseignement traditionnel.
\n 
\nEnfin, il est mu par la notion de libert\u00e9 qu\u2019il associe au langage et \u00e0 l\u2019apprentissage<\/strong>. Chaque \u00e9l\u00e8ve doit acqu\u00e9rir des connaissances et pouvoir s\u2019exprimer dans une langue \u00e9mancipatrice (et non dans une langue qu\u2019on le contraint \u00e0 adopter, voire dans une langue volontairement appauvrie) afin de d\u00e9velopper son libre-arbitre et sa libert\u00e9 de penser.
\n <\/p>\n

Quelques ouvrages de Mohand Said Lechani \u00e0 consulter :<\/h2>\n

– \u00ab\u00a0Du bon usage de la p\u00e9dagogie\u00a0\u00bb, ouvrage compos\u00e9 de six textes portant sur l\u2019enseignement
\n– \u00ab\u00a0\u00c0 la recherche d’une m\u00e9thode rationnelle pour l’enseignement du fran\u00e7ais \u00e0 l’\u00e9cole indig\u00e8ne\u00a0\u00bb, dans son journal la Voix des Humbles<\/em>
\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Chaque lundi, nous vous proposons de voyager dans l\u2019Histoire de la p\u00e9dagogie, \u00e0 travers les portraits des plus grand.e.s p\u00e9dagogues et th\u00e9oricien.e.s qui ont influenc\u00e9 nos mod\u00e8les contemporains.   Mohand Said Lechani, c\u2019est qui ?!   Mohand Said Lechani est un instituteur, p\u00e9dagogue, syndicaliste, militant politique et social alg\u00e9rien ainsi qu\u2019un d\u00e9fenseur des droits de… Voir l’article<\/a>","protected":false},"author":41,"featured_media":10204,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":[],"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[2],"tags":[1938,517,786,1811,1946],"class_list":["post-11263","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-le-mag","tag-education-nouvelle","tag-freinet","tag-montessori","tag-pedagogue","tag-piaget"],"yoast_head":"\nPEDAGOGO #38 - MOHAND SAID LECHANI - Sydologie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sydo.fr\/sydologie\/2022\/02\/pedagogo-38-mohand-said-lechani\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PEDAGOGO #38 - MOHAND SAID LECHANI - Sydologie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Chaque lundi, nous vous proposons de voyager dans l\u2019Histoire de la p\u00e9dagogie, \u00e0 travers les portraits des plus grand.e.s p\u00e9dagogues et th\u00e9oricien.e.s qui ont influenc\u00e9 nos mod\u00e8les contemporains.   Mohand Said Lechani, c\u2019est qui ?!   Mohand Said Lechani est un instituteur, p\u00e9dagogue, syndicaliste, militant politique et social alg\u00e9rien ainsi qu\u2019un d\u00e9fenseur des droits de... 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