{"id":10800,"date":"2021-07-01T11:00:40","date_gmt":"2021-07-01T09:00:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sydologie.com\/?p=10800"},"modified":"2024-11-25T10:21:31","modified_gmt":"2024-11-25T09:21:31","slug":"theorie-cognitive-de-lapprentissage-multimedia-article-3-le-principe-de-signalisation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sydo.fr\/sydologie\/2021\/07\/theorie-cognitive-de-lapprentissage-multimedia-article-3-le-principe-de-signalisation\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00e9orie cognitive de l’apprentissage multim\u00e9dia – Article 3 – Le principe de signalisation"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le principe de signalisation permet de diminuer la charge extrins\u00e8que de votre dispositif p\u00e9dagogique et peut se r\u00e9sumer ainsi : Mettre en \u00e9vidence les \u00e9l\u00e9ments essentiels du contenu propos\u00e9<\/strong>. <\/p>\n

Pourquoi ? Les ressources cognitives de l\u2019\u00eatre humain, et notamment ses capacit\u00e9s attentionnelles, sont limit\u00e9es ! En mettant en \u00e9vidence les \u00e9l\u00e9ments essentiels, vous guidez l\u2019orientation de l\u2019attention sur les \u00e9l\u00e9ments les plus pertinents<\/strong> de votre dispositif. <\/p>\n

Concernant la m\u00e9thode en elle-m\u00eame, libre \u00e0 vous de faire preuve d\u2019imagination.<\/strong> De nombreux outils existent aujourd\u2019hui afin de concevoir des dispositifs toujours plus innovants pour mettre en valeur le contenu (cf article outils : http:\/\/sydologie.com\/2018\/01\/outils-en-pagaille\/<\/a>). Voici cependant une liste de m\u00e9thodes qui ont montr\u00e9 leurs preuves exp\u00e9rimentalement.<\/p>\n

Pour du texte : <\/h2>\n

–\tMettre en valeur le texte \u00e9crit<\/strong> par l\u2019utilisation de gras, du soulignement, des tailles de police ou bien la r\u00e9p\u00e9tition des \u00e9l\u00e9ments (ou bien la r\u00e9p\u00e9tition des \u00e9l\u00e9ments !).<\/p>\n

–\tSi le texte est narr\u00e9 vous pouvez jouer sur l\u2019intonation de la voix<\/strong>, la prosodie et des expressions telles que : \u00ab ce point est important \u00bb ou m\u00eame faire preuve d\u2019humour (avec mod\u00e9ration !). <\/p>\n

Pour les images : <\/h2>\n

–\tUtiliser des couleurs diff\u00e9rentes et contrast\u00e9es<\/strong>. <\/p>\n

–\tUtiliser des gestes de pointage<\/strong> si vous utilisez un agent p\u00e9dagogique ou si vous pr\u00e9sentez le contenu vous-m\u00eame.<\/p>\n

–\tUtiliser des fl\u00e8ches<\/strong> pour d\u00e9signer des \u00e9l\u00e9ments.<\/p>\n

–\tGriser le contenu externe<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

–\tFaire clignoter <\/strong>les \u00e9l\u00e9ments pertinents.
\n 
\n\"\"
\n\"\"
\n 
\nCe principe fonctionne d\u2019autant plus lorsque vous \u00eates contraint de mettre beaucoup d\u2019informations dans votre dispositif (donc, lorsque le principe de coh\u00e9rence ne peut \u00eatre respect\u00e9). Bien entendu, ce principe est \u00e0 utiliser avec mod\u00e9ration au risque de perdre l\u2019effet escompt\u00e9<\/strong>. Inutile de surligner tous les \u00e9l\u00e9ments du paragraphe !
\n 
\nBon d\u2019accord, mais \u00e0 quoi cela sert-il ? Je l\u2019utilise depuis longtemps en fait, je n\u2019avais pas besoin d\u2019un article pour m\u2019en parler ! Ils sont gonfl\u00e9s chez Sydo ! A mon avis, il peut \u00eatre int\u00e9ressant de se repositionner par rapport \u00e0 cette question <\/strong>et \u00e0 ce qu\u2019elle implique. <\/p>\n

On a tendance \u00e0 utiliser le principe de signalisation syst\u00e9matiquement aujourd\u2019hui sans trop se poser de questions<\/strong> sur le pourquoi et le comment. Pourtant, nous vivons dans une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 o\u00f9 nous sommes continuellement et \u00e0 outrance stimul\u00e9s par des informations (\u00e0 cet \u00e9gard je vous conseille l\u2019excellent livre de Peter Szendy : Le supermarch\u00e9 du visible). La mise en valeur d\u2019une information par rapport \u00e0 une autre est donc cruciale afin de gagner la bataille pour capter l\u2019attention de l\u2019individu.<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Lors de la lecture de cet article, qui sait ce qui a pu vous distraire de la t\u00e2che (je ne suis pas vex\u00e9\u2026 je suis r\u00e9aliste, quoi !) : un sms, un mail, une notification pour la livraison du tabouret en bois de Sib\u00e9rie que vous attendiez tant, etc. Bref, la concurrence pour capter l\u2019attention de votre apprenant est rude<\/strong>, de nombreuses distractions sont possibles et sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 inhiber ces informations est limit\u00e9e.
\n 
\nConcevoir votre dispositif comme une exp\u00e9rience dans laquelle vous guidez l\u2019attention de votre apprenant de A \u00e0 Z permet \u00e0 la fois de le diriger vers les bons processus d\u2019apprentissage mais aussi de faire en sorte qu\u2019il se concentre et s\u2019engage<\/strong> dans la t\u00e2che en inhibant les t\u00e2ches distractives. Au final la question est plus complexe qu\u2019elle en a l\u2019air\u2026
\n 
\nBon et ce tabouret alors ? Il est cool ?<\/strong>
\n 
\n 
\nEt si vous voulez en savoir plus sur la th\u00e9orie cognitive de l’apprentissage multim\u00e9dia :
\n 
\n 
\n 
\nEt si vous voulez en savoir plus sur la th\u00e9orie cognitive de l’apprentissage multim\u00e9dia :
\n– Th\u00e9orie cognitive de l\u2019apprentissage multim\u00e9dia \u2013 Article 1 \u2013 La surcharge cognitive<\/a>
\n– Th\u00e9orie cognitive de l\u2019apprentissage multim\u00e9dia \u2013 Article 2 \u2013 Le principe de coh\u00e9rence<\/a>
\n– Th\u00e9orie cognitive de l\u2019apprentissage multim\u00e9dia \u2013 Article 3 \u2013 Le principe de signalisation<\/a>
\n– Th\u00e9orie cognitive de l\u2019apprentissage multim\u00e9dia \u2013 Article 4 \u2013 Le principe de redondance<\/a>
\n– Th\u00e9orie cognitive de l\u2019apprentissage multim\u00e9dia \u2013 Article 5 \u2013 Le principe de continuit\u00e9<\/a>
\n– Th\u00e9orie cognitive de l\u2019apprentissage multim\u00e9dia \u2013 Article 6 \u2013 Le principe de segmentation<\/a>
\n– Th\u00e9orie cognitive de l\u2019apprentissage multim\u00e9dia \u2013 Article 7 \u2013 Le principe de pr\u00e9-training<\/a>
\n– Th\u00e9orie cognitive de l\u2019apprentissage multim\u00e9dia \u2013 Article 8 \u2013 Le principe de modalit\u00e9<\/a>
\n– Th\u00e9orie cognitive de l\u2019apprentissage multim\u00e9dia \u2013 Article 9 \u2013 Le principe de personnalisation<\/a>
\n– Th\u00e9orie cognitive de l\u2019apprentissage multim\u00e9dia \u2013 Article 10 \u2013 Le design \u00e9motionnel<\/a>
\n– Th\u00e9orie cognitive de l\u2019apprentissage multim\u00e9dia \u2013 Article 11 \u2013 L\u2019agent p\u00e9dagogique<\/a>
\n– Th\u00e9orie cognitive de l\u2019apprentissage multim\u00e9dia : La fiche m\u00e9mo Sydologie<\/a><\/strong>
\n 
\n 
\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Le principe de signalisation permet de diminuer la charge extrins\u00e8que de votre dispositif p\u00e9dagogique et peut se r\u00e9sumer ainsi : Mettre en \u00e9vidence les \u00e9l\u00e9ments essentiels du contenu propos\u00e9. Pourquoi ? Les ressources cognitives de l\u2019\u00eatre humain, et notamment ses capacit\u00e9s attentionnelles, sont limit\u00e9es ! En mettant en \u00e9vidence les \u00e9l\u00e9ments essentiels, vous guidez l\u2019orientation… Voir l’article<\/a>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":10690,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":[],"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[2],"tags":[298,1887,1889,1800],"class_list":["post-10800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-le-mag","tag-design","tag-sciences-cognitives","tag-signalisation","tag-ux-design"],"yoast_head":"\nTh\u00e9orie cognitive de l'apprentissage multim\u00e9dia - Article 3 - Le principe de signalisation - Sydologie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sydo.fr\/sydologie\/2021\/07\/theorie-cognitive-de-lapprentissage-multimedia-article-3-le-principe-de-signalisation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Th\u00e9orie cognitive de l'apprentissage multim\u00e9dia - Article 3 - Le principe de signalisation - Sydologie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le principe de signalisation permet de diminuer la charge extrins\u00e8que de votre dispositif p\u00e9dagogique et peut se r\u00e9sumer ainsi : Mettre en \u00e9vidence les \u00e9l\u00e9ments essentiels du contenu propos\u00e9. 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