{"id":10496,"date":"2021-04-08T11:00:50","date_gmt":"2021-04-08T09:00:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sydologie.com\/?p=10496"},"modified":"2024-11-25T10:01:08","modified_gmt":"2024-11-25T09:01:08","slug":"les-biais-cognitifs-6-le-biais-de-negativite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sydo.fr\/sydologie\/2021\/04\/les-biais-cognitifs-6-le-biais-de-negativite\/","title":{"rendered":"LES BIAIS COGNITIFS #6 : LE BIAIS DE NEGATIVITE"},"content":{"rendered":"

Aujourd\u2019hui nous allons parler d\u2019un nouveau biais cognitif<\/strong>. N\u2019avez-vous pas l\u2019impression que vous avez retenue facilement la fois o\u00f9 vous \u00e9tiez dans cet h\u00f4tel calamiteux, alors que vous ne pourriez pas ais\u00e9ment vous rappeler tous les bons ou tr\u00e8s bons h\u00f4tels dans lesquels vous \u00eates all\u00e9s. En effet, on a, dans certains cas, tendance \u00e0 davantage retenir les exp\u00e9riences et \u00e9motions n\u00e9gatives que les exp\u00e9riences positives. Non seulement on les retient davantage, mais on y accorde plus de poids. C\u2019est le biais de n\u00e9gativit\u00e9.<\/strong>
\n <\/p>\n

Et la formation dans tout \u00e7a ? <\/h2>\n

 
\nSi c\u2019est pour dire que :
\n–\tvos form\u00e9s se souviendront mieux de LA moins bonne formation que vous donnerez (et quand on dit cela, ce n\u2019est \u00e9videmment pas du contenu mais bien de l\u2019exp\u00e9rience de la session dont on parle)
\n–\tou, inversement, que si vous animez une formation o\u00f9 les form\u00e9s sont particuli\u00e8rement peu impliqu\u00e9s ou peu attentifs, c\u2019est cette fois-l\u00e0 qui va davantage vous marquer en tant que formateur\u2026<\/p>\n

\u2026 ce n\u2019est pas tr\u00e8s int\u00e9ressant, dans les deux cas!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Non, l\u00e0 o\u00f9 je veux en venir, c\u2019est que cette tendance \u00e0 retenir le n\u00e9gatif peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e \u00e0 votre avantage<\/strong>, lors d\u2019une activit\u00e9 par exemple.
\n <\/p>\n

Comment retourner \u00e0 son avantage ce biais de n\u00e9gativit\u00e9 en formation ? <\/h2>\n

 
\nPour expliquer quelque chose, vous pouvez partir de ce qui ne marche pas<\/strong>, des mauvaises exp\u00e9riences ou mauvaises pratiques. <\/p>\n

Par exemple, si vous voulez mettre en \u00e9vidence les bonnes pratiques<\/strong> de la formation en pr\u00e9sentiel, demandez donc \u00e0 vos form\u00e9s de d\u00e9crire des sessions auxquelles ils ont assist\u00e9 et qu\u2019ils n\u2019ont pas du tout appr\u00e9ci\u00e9<\/strong> ! Pour aller plus loin (et car ils ont peut-\u00eatre v\u00e9cu uniquement de super exp\u00e9riences), demandez-leur m\u00eame d\u2019imaginer et de d\u00e9crire une formation qui ne marcherait pas. <\/p>\n

Vous verrez, vos form\u00e9s feront preuve d\u2019une imagination d\u00e9bordante<\/strong> et vous recevrez beaucoup de r\u00e9ponses ! <\/p>\n

Maintenant, il ne reste plus qu\u2019\u00e0 les organiser, et trouver les bonnes pratiques correspondantes ! Ainsi, partir de l\u2019anti-mod\u00e8le peut s\u2019av\u00e9rer tr\u00e8s pertinent<\/strong> pour faire \u00e9merger le mod\u00e8le.<\/p>\n

Bien \u00e9videmment, cette \u00ab m\u00e9thode \u00bb peut \u00eatre d\u00e9routante.<\/strong> En effet, cela implique de passer du temps \u00e0 parler de ce qui ne marche pas, de ne se qu\u2019il ne faut pas faire, ou de situations absurdes invent\u00e9es pour l\u2019occasion. Alors que l\u2019on pourrait tr\u00e8s bien passer plus de temps \u00e0 approfondir les bonnes pratiques directement, non ?<\/p>\n

Pourtant, ce type d\u2019activit\u00e9, test\u00e9 et approuv\u00e9 (par mes soins !), permet un engagement plus fort des apprenants <\/strong>dans la mesure o\u00f9 ils auront plus d\u2019inspiration ou d\u2019exp\u00e9riences dont ils se souviennent \u00e0 partager. Merci le biais de n\u00e9gativit\u00e9 !<\/p>\n

Bien s\u00fbr, ce type d\u2019activit\u00e9 est indissociable d\u2019un bon feedback<\/strong> pour faire \u00e9merger le mod\u00e8le oppos\u00e9 et ainsi les bonnes pratiques correspondantes.<\/p>\n

Et ceci n\u2019est qu\u2019un exemple parmi d\u2019autres, pensez le n\u00e9gatif peut parfois \u00eatre utile<\/strong> et inspirant !
\n <\/p>\n

Bonus : Le \u00ab CIA \u00bb<\/h2>\n

 
\nEn y r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissant bien\u2026 c\u2019est un peu sur cela que se basent les CIA. Les quoi, me direz-vous ? Les CIA (Capter l\u2019attention, Int\u00e9resser au sujet, Annoncer le plan)<\/strong> sont des introductions compl\u00e8tement aux antipodes de ce qu\u2019on attend, des mauvaises entr\u00e9es en somme<\/strong>, qui sont souvent utilis\u00e9s en formation. <\/p>\n

Par exemple, pendant les 5 premi\u00e8res minutes d\u2019une conf\u00e9rence ou d\u2019une formation, on joue le r\u00f4le d\u2019un \u00ab mauvais formateur \u00bb<\/strong> en faisant tout ce qu\u2019il \u00ab ne faut pas faire \u00bb : ne pas donner la parole, avoir une pr\u00e9sentation PowerPoint illisible ou trop dense, parler tr\u00e8s vite ou de mani\u00e8re inaudible voire m\u00eame tout simplement agressif. <\/p>\n

Votre auditoire aura une impression tr\u00e8s n\u00e9gative, et aura certainement envie de partir d\u00e8s les premi\u00e8res minutes. Au bout d\u2019un moment (id\u00e9alement avant que la salle soit compl\u00e8tement vide), vous faites tomber le masque et vous expliquez quelle \u00e9tait votre intention<\/strong> en d\u00e9marrant de cette mani\u00e8re. <\/p>\n

Puis, vous profitez du fait que leur attention soit capt\u00e9e pour pr\u00e9senter le sujet de la formation ou de la conf\u00e9rence (qui a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 introduit durant le CIA, de mani\u00e8re d\u00e9cal\u00e9e). Ainsi, le sujet doit \u00eatre en lien avec le CIA<\/strong>. Par exemple : le formateur multiplie les mauvaises pratiques durant son CIA afin d\u2019introduire le sujet de la formation \u00ab Comment animer une formation ? \u00bb. <\/p>\n

Ainsi le CIA, dans ce cas, vous permet de :
\n– Capter l\u2019attention<\/strong> et int\u00e9resser vos apprenants
\n– Introduire le sujet<\/strong> durant le CIA et mettre en exergue d\u2019\u00e9ventuelles mauvaises pratiques
\n– Annoncer votre plan<\/strong> et expliquer comment adopter la bonne m\u00e9thode, les bonnes pratiques
\n– Cr\u00e9er un \u00ab \u00e9v\u00e8nement \u00bb, des \u00e9motions<\/strong> pour marquer les apprenants sur le long terme<\/p>\n

\u00c0 la lecture de ce qu\u2019on s\u2019est dit pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, cette premi\u00e8re impression n\u00e9gative (puis le soulagement qui s\u2019ensuit, voire le rire !) s\u2019ancrera plus facilement dans leur m\u00e9moire <\/strong>(et vous aurez r\u00e9ussi en prime \u00e0 capter leur attention !).<\/p>\n

Alors, pr\u00eat.e \u00e0 \u00eatre n\u00e9gatif-ve<\/strong> ?
\n 
\n 
\n 
\nPour lire tous les articles de la s\u00e9rie, c’est ci-dessous :
\n– Les biais cognitifs #1 : Qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019un biais cognitif ?<\/a>
\n– Les biais cognitifs #2 : L\u2019effet de halo<\/a>
\n– Les biais cognitifs #3 : L\u2019effet IKEA<\/a>
\n– Les biais cognitifs #4 : Le biais de complexit\u00e9<\/a>
\n– LES BIAIS COGNITIFS #5 : LA MALEDICTION DE LA CONNAISSANCE<\/a>
\n– LES BIAIS COGNITIFS #6 : LE BIAIS DE NEGATIVITE<\/a>
\n– LES BIAIS COGNITIFS #7 : L\u2019EFFET VON RESTORFF<\/a>
\n– LES BIAIS COGNITIFS #8 : LE BIAIS DE STATU QUO<\/a>
\n– LES BIAIS COGNITIFS #9 : LA LOI DU MARTEAU<\/a>
\n– LES BIAIS COGNITIFS #10 : L\u2019EFFET DUNNING-KRUGER<\/a>
\n– LES BIAIS COGNITIFS #11 : L\u2019ERREUR FONDAMENTALE D\u2019ATTRIBUTION<\/a><\/strong>
\n 
\n 
\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Aujourd\u2019hui nous allons parler d\u2019un nouveau biais cognitif. N\u2019avez-vous pas l\u2019impression que vous avez retenue facilement la fois o\u00f9 vous \u00e9tiez dans cet h\u00f4tel calamiteux, alors que vous ne pourriez pas ais\u00e9ment vous rappeler tous les bons ou tr\u00e8s bons h\u00f4tels dans lesquels vous \u00eates all\u00e9s. En effet, on a, dans certains cas, tendance \u00e0… Voir l’article<\/a>","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":12864,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":[],"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[2],"tags":[1856,98,1816,1855,1857,490,818],"class_list":["post-10496","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-le-mag","tag-animation-de-formation","tag-attention","tag-biais-cognitif","tag-biais-de-negativite","tag-cia","tag-formation","tag-neurosciences"],"yoast_head":"\nLES BIAIS COGNITIFS #6 : LE BIAIS DE NEGATIVITE - Sydologie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sydo.fr\/sydologie\/2021\/04\/les-biais-cognitifs-6-le-biais-de-negativite\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"LES BIAIS COGNITIFS #6 : LE BIAIS DE NEGATIVITE - Sydologie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Aujourd\u2019hui nous allons parler d\u2019un nouveau biais cognitif. 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